Level
HSK 7–9
The combined HSK 7–9 band: the function words and structures of literary and formal Chinese.
All 580 HSK 7–9 words, with pinyin, meaning and a recording.
Grammar
“把”字句5：表致使
“把”字句5 — 把 marking a caused reaction
（因）⋯⋯，故⋯⋯
（因）⋯⋯，故⋯⋯ — because …, therefore (formal)
（由于）⋯⋯，以致⋯⋯
（由于）⋯⋯，以致⋯⋯ — so that (an unwanted result)
（要+）动词+就+动词+个+补语
（要）V就V个 + 补语 — if you're going to, do it properly
⋯⋯，⋯⋯倒/反倒⋯⋯
⋯⋯，⋯⋯倒/反倒⋯⋯ — yet in fact, on the contrary
⋯⋯，且⋯⋯
⋯⋯，且⋯⋯ — and, moreover (formal)
⋯⋯，乃至⋯⋯
⋯⋯，乃至⋯⋯ — and even, going as far as
⋯⋯，以⋯⋯
⋯⋯，以⋯⋯ — in order to (formal)
⋯⋯，以免/免得⋯⋯
⋯⋯，以免/免得⋯⋯ — so as to avoid, lest
⋯⋯，以至于⋯⋯
⋯⋯，以至于⋯⋯ — to the point that
⋯⋯，何况⋯⋯
⋯⋯，何况⋯⋯ — much less, all the more so
⋯⋯，况且
⋯⋯，况且⋯⋯ — moreover, besides
⋯⋯，此后⋯⋯
⋯⋯，此后⋯⋯ — after that, thereafter
⋯⋯，甚至于⋯⋯
⋯⋯，甚至于⋯⋯ — even to the point of
⋯⋯，而⋯⋯（则）⋯⋯
⋯⋯，而⋯⋯（则）⋯⋯ — whereas
⋯⋯，进而⋯⋯
⋯⋯，进而⋯⋯ — and then go on to
⋯⋯固然⋯⋯，但是/可是/不过⋯⋯
⋯⋯固然⋯⋯，但是⋯⋯ — admittedly …, but …
动词+就+动词，别⋯⋯
V就V，别⋯⋯ — fine, do it — just don't …
X也X不⋯⋯，Y也Y不⋯⋯
X也X不⋯⋯，Y也Y不⋯⋯ — can't manage either
X（也）不是，不X也不是
X也不是，不X也不是 — damned either way
X也好/也罢，Y也好/也罢
X也好，Y也好 — whether X or Y
X了又Y，Y了又X
X了又Y，Y了又X — over and over
一连
一连 — in a row, on end
万万
万万 — absolutely (not)
三重或三重以上的复句
三重复句 — three-layer complex sentences
不妨
不妨 — might as well, no harm in
不由得
不由得 — can't help but
不知⋯⋯好
不知⋯⋯好 — not know what would be best
不知X的
不知⋯⋯的（还以为⋯⋯）— anyone who didn't know would think
与其⋯⋯，宁可/宁愿⋯⋯
与其⋯⋯，宁可/宁愿⋯⋯ — rather than …, I'd sooner …
与此同时
与此同时 — at the same time
东A西B
东A西B — this way and that
乃
乃 — is, namely (classical)
之
之 — classical 的
亦
亦 — also, too (classical)
什么X的Y的
什么X的Y的 — X's and Y's and all that
以⋯⋯为⋯⋯
以⋯⋯为⋯⋯ — take X as Y
任⋯⋯，也⋯⋯
任⋯⋯，也⋯⋯ — no matter how …, still …
何必
何必 — why bother …?
依
依 — according to, going by
倘若/假设/假使/若⋯⋯，就/那（么）⋯⋯
倘若/假设/假使/若⋯⋯，就/那么⋯⋯ — if …, then …
倘若/若⋯⋯，⋯⋯
倘若/若⋯⋯，⋯⋯ — if (formal)
偏偏
偏偏 — of all things; deliberately
再度
再度 — once again (formal)
凡
凡 — every, any (formal)
分明
分明 — clearly, plainly (yet…)
别提（有）多X了
别提（有）多X了 — you can't imagine how X
别提了
别提了 — don't even ask
别管⋯⋯，都⋯⋯
别管⋯⋯，都⋯⋯ — no matter …, still …
别说⋯⋯，连⋯⋯也/都⋯⋯
别说⋯⋯，连⋯⋯也/都⋯⋯ — let alone
勿
勿 — do not (formal prohibition)
半A半B
半A半B — half A, half B
即
即 — namely; right away (formal)
即便⋯⋯，也⋯⋯
即便⋯⋯，也⋯⋯ — even if
历来
历来 — always, throughout history
及
及 — and (formal, joining nouns)
反倒
反倒 — on the contrary, instead
可不是
可不是 — exactly, isn't it just
向来
向来 — always, all along
哪有X这么Y的/有X这样Y的吗
哪有X这么Y的 — whoever heard of X being so Y
唯独
唯独 — only …, alone (the exception)
固然⋯⋯，也⋯⋯
固然⋯⋯，也⋯⋯ — admittedly …, but also …
基于
基于 — based on, in view of
好在
好在 — fortunately, the good thing is
尚
尚 — still, yet (formal)
尤为
尤为 — especially (formal)
就
就 — concerning, with regard to
尽
尽 — to the greatest extent; the very…
巴不得
巴不得 — can't wait to, would love nothing more
幸亏
幸亏 — luckily, thanks to
幸亏⋯⋯，要不然/不然/要不/否则⋯⋯
幸亏⋯⋯，要不然/否则⋯⋯ — luckily …, otherwise …
幸好
幸好 — luckily
归根到底
归根到底 — in the final analysis
当着
当着 — in front of, in the presence of
程度补语3：得+不行/要命/要死
得不行／得要命／得要死 — …to death, unbearably
必定
必定 — certainly, bound to
忽A忽B
忽A忽B — now A, now B
怪不得
怪不得 — no wonder
总的来说/总而言之
总的来说／总而言之 — in general, in short
或⋯⋯，或⋯⋯
或⋯⋯，或⋯⋯ — either …, or …
所谓⋯⋯就是⋯⋯
所谓⋯⋯就是⋯⋯ — what is called X is Y
按说
按说 — by rights, normally speaking
无所谓X不X
无所谓X不X — it makes no difference whether X
无非
无非 — nothing more than
时A时B
时A时B — sometimes A, sometimes B
未
未 — not, not yet (formal)
未免
未免 — rather too, a bit too
极为
极为 — extremely (formal)
没说的
没说的 — beyond reproach; no question
爱A不A
爱A不A — do it or don't, see if I care
由此可见
由此可见 — from this we can see
白白
白白 — in vain, for nothing
皆
皆 — all, without exception (classical)
看/瞧你那（X）样
看你那样 — look at the state of you
看在X的面子上
看在X的面子上 — for X's sake
矣
矣 — classical final particle
稍稍
稍稍 — slightly, a little
索性
索性 — simply, just go ahead and
纵然⋯⋯，也⋯⋯
纵然⋯⋯，也⋯⋯ — even if (literary)
终究
终究 — in the end, after all
统统
统统 — all, the whole lot
综上所述
综上所述 — to sum up the above
而已
而已 — that's all, no more than that
自A自B
自A自B — doing it to and by oneself
莫非
莫非 — could it be that …?
虽说⋯⋯，但是/可是/不过⋯⋯
虽说⋯⋯，但是⋯⋯ — although (colloquial)
蛮
蛮 — quite, pretty (colloquial)
要X有/没X，要Y有/没Y
要X有X，要Y有Y — has everything going for them
（不过/但/可是）话又说回来
话又说回来 — but then again
话（说）是这么说，不过/可/可是⋯⋯
话是这么说，不过⋯⋯ — that's all very well, but
说到/想到哪儿去了
说到哪儿去了 — you've got quite the wrong idea
起初⋯⋯，⋯⋯才⋯⋯
起初⋯⋯，⋯⋯才⋯⋯ — at first …, only later …
趁
趁 — while (taking the chance)
越发
越发 — increasingly, all the more
这样一来
这样一来 — this way; as a result
连A带B
连A带B — both A and B together
鉴于⋯⋯，⋯⋯
鉴于⋯⋯，⋯⋯ — in view of the fact that
除此之外
除此之外 — besides this
难怪
难怪 — no wonder
需
需 — to need to (formal)
非A非B
非A非B — neither A nor B
顺便
顺便 — while you're at it, in passing
顺着
顺着 — along, following
颇
颇 — quite, rather (formal)
频频
频频 — repeatedly, again and again
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